商(Shang)务(Wu)英(Ying)语(Yu)书(Shu)信(Xin)是(Shi)指(Zhi)交(Jiao)易(Yi)时(Shi)所(Suo)使(Shi)用(Yong)的(De)通(Tong)信(Xin)。(?)在(Zai)美(Mei)国(Guo),(?)常(Chang)用(Yong)Business writing,(?)它(Ta)包(Bao)括(Kuo)书(Shu)信(Xin)、(?)电(Dian)报(Bao)、(?)电(Dian)话(Hua)、(?)电(Dian)传(Chuan)、(?)报(Bao)告(Gao)书(Shu)、(?)明(Ming)信(Xin)片(Pian)等(Deng)。(?)英(Ying)语(Yu)和(He)美(Mei)语(Yu)在(Zai)书(Shu)信(Xin)体(Ti)例(Li)方(Fang)面(Mian)存(Cun)在(Zai)着(Zhuo)一(Yi)定(Ding)的(De)差(Cha)异(Yi),(?)比(Bi)如(Ru)信(Xin)头(Tou)和(He)称(Cheng)呼(Hu)、(?)书(Shu)信(Xin)格(Ge)式(Shi)、(?)遣(Qian)词(Ci)、(?)结(Jie)尾(Wei)客(Ke)套(Tao)语(Yu)等(Deng)均(Jun)有(You)所(Suo)不(Bu)同(Tong)。(?)
一(Yi)般(Ban)来(Lai)说(Shuo),(?)英(Ying)国(Guo)书(Shu)信(Xin)较(Jiao)为(Wei)保(Bao)守(Shou),(?)许(Xu)多(Duo)英(Ying)国(Guo)人(Ren)喜(Xi)欢(Huan)用(Yong)老(Lao)式(Shi)书(Shu)信(Xin)体(Ti),(?)用(Yong)词(Ci)较(Jiao)为(Wei)正(Zheng)式(Shi)刻(Ke)板(Ban),(?)而(?)美(Mei)国(Guo)书(Shu)信(Xin)语(Yu)言(Yan)非(Fei)常(Chang)生(Sheng)气(Qi)、(?)有(You)活(Huo)力(Li),(?)格(Ge)式(Shi)也(Ye)较(Jiao)为(Wei)简(Jian)便(Bian)。(?)因(Yin)此(Ci)当(Dang)我(Wo)们(Men)写(Xie)信(Xin)的(De)对(Dui)象(Xiang)是(Shi)英(Ying)国(Guo)或(Huo)其(Qi)旧(Jiu)殖(Zhi)民(Min)地(Di)国(Guo)家(Jia)时(Shi),(?)要(Yao)使(Shi)用(Yong)标(Biao)准(Zhun)式(Shi)英(Ying)语(Yu)Queen’s English;如(Ru)果(Guo)写(Xie)信(Xin)的(De)对(Dui)象(Xiang)是(Shi)美(Mei)国(Guo)或(Huo)美(Mei)国(Guo)势(Shi)力(Li)范(Fan)围(Wei)的(De)地(Di)区(Qu)时(Shi),(?)就(Jiu)要(Yao)用(Yong)美(Mei)国(Guo)英(Ying)语(Yu)。(?)当(Dang)然(Ran),(?)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)的(De)语(Yu)言(Yan)文(Wen)化(Hua)近(Jin)年(Nian)来(Lai)也(Ye)有(You)变(Bian)化(Hua),(?)但(Dan)总(Zong)体(Ti)来(Lai)说(Shuo),(?)两(Liang)者(Zhe)间(Jian)的(De)差(Cha)异(Yi)是(Shi)很(Hen)明(Ming)显(Xian)的(De)。(?)
商(Shang)业(Ye)英(Ying)文(Wen)书(Shu)信(Xin),(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)都(Du)要(Yao)求(Qiu)用(Yong)打(Da)字(Zi)机(Ji)或(Huo)电(Dian)脑(Nao)整(Zheng)齐(Qi)地(Di)打(Da)印(Yin),(?)左(Zuo)边(Bian)各(Ge)行(Xing)开(Kai)头(Tou)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)的(De),(?)称(Cheng)为(Wei)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)式(Shi)或(Huo)齐(Qi)头(Tou)式(Shi)(Block style),(?)美(Mei)国(Guo)常(Chang)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)格(Ge)式(Shi);每(Mei)段(Duan)的(De)第(Di)一(Yi)个(Ge)词(Ci)缩(Suo)进(Jin)去(Qu),(?)称(Cheng)为(Wei)缩(Suo)进(Jin)式(Shi)或(Huo)锯(Ju)齿(Chi)式(Shi)(indented style),(?)英(Ying)国(Guo)常(Chang)用(Yong)此(Ci)格(Ge)式(Shi)。(?)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)式(Shi)的(De)职(Zhi)务(Wu)及(Ji)签(Qian)名(Ming)都(Du)在(Zai)左(Zuo)边(Bian)的(De)边(Bian)栏(Lan)界(Jie)线(Xian),(?)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)格(Ge)式(Shi),(?)在(Zai)极(Ji)度(Du)尊(Zun)重(Zhong)工(Gong)作(Zuo)效(Xiao)率(Lu)的(De)美(Mei)国(Guo)公(Gong)司(Si),(?)已(Yi)普(Pu)遍(Bian)采(Cai)用(Yong)。(?)正(Zheng)式(Shi)的(De)商(Shang)业(Ye)英(Ying)语(Yu)书(Shu)信(Xin)要(Yao)在(Zai)称(Cheng)呼(Hu)的(De)上(Shang)方(Fang)写(Xie)上(Shang)收(Shou)信(Xin)公(Gong)司(Si)名(Ming)称(Cheng)和(He)地(Di)址(Zhi)或(Huo)收(Shou)信(Xin)人(Ren)的(De)名(Ming)字(Zi)全(Quan)称(Cheng)、(?)职(Zhi)务(Wu)及(Ji)地(Di)址(Zhi),(?)称(Cheng)为(Wei)信(Xin)内(Nei)地(Di)址(Zhi)(Inside address)。(?)信(Xin)内(Nei)地(Di)址(Zhi)的(De)写(Xie)法(Fa)也(Ye)有(You)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)式(Shi)和(He)缩(Suo)进(Jin)式(Shi)之(Zhi)分(Fen),(?)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)式(Shi)和(He)称(Cheng)美(Mei)国(Guo)式(Shi)将(Jiang)各(Ge)行(Xing)并(Bing)列(Lie),(?)缩(Suo)进(Jin)式(Shi)或(Huo)称(Cheng)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)将(Jiang)各(Ge)行(Xing)依(Yi)次(Ci)退(Tui)缩(Suo)。(?)
不(Bu)过(Guo),(?)近(Jin)来(Lai)英(Ying)国(Guo)商(Shang)业(Ye)书(Shu)信(Xin)信(Xin)内(Nei)地(Di)址(Zhi)并(Bing)未(Wei)依(Yi)次(Ci)缩(Suo)进(Jin),(?)似(Si)乎(Hu)与(Yu)美(Mei)国(Guo)式(Shi)相(Xiang)同(Tong)。(?)此(Ci)外(Wai),(?)在(Zai)美(Mei)国(Guo)还(Huan)流(Liu)行(Xing)一(Yi)种(Zhong)普(Pu)通(Tong)收(Shou)信(Xin)人(Ren)地(Di)址(Zhi)的(De)写(Xie)法(Fa),(?)就(Jiu)是(Shi)在(Zai)书(Shu)信(Xin)的(De)Inside Address中(Zhong),(?)把(Ba)门(Men)牌(Pai)号(Hao)和(He)街(Jie)名(Ming)都(Du)省(Sheng)略(Lue)掉(Diao)。(?)在(Zai)英(Ying)文(Wen)书(Shu)信(Xin)中(Zhong)要(Yao)使(Shi)用(Yong)敬(Jing)语(Yu),(?)最(Zui)普(Pu)遍(Bian)的(De)敬(Jing)语(Yu)是(Shi)Mr, Mrs和(He)Miss(用(Yong)于(Yu)未(Wei)婚(Hun)女(Nu)性(Xing))。(?)
英(Ying)国(Guo)人(Ren)常(Chang)在(Zai)男(Nan)性(Xing)的(De)姓(Xing)名(Ming)之(Zhi)后(Hou)用(Yong)Esq. (Esquire的(De)缩(Suo)写(Xie)),(?)不(Bu)过(Guo)在(Zai)商(Shang)业(Ye)上(Shang)也(Ye)在(Zai)慢(Man)慢(Man)地(Di)改(Gai)用(Yong)Mr. Mmes. (Madam的(De)复(Fu)数(Shu)形(Xing)式(Shi)),(?)用(Yong)于(Yu)二(?)个(Ge)女(Nu)士(Shi)以(Yi)上(Shang)。(?)Messrs(Mr的(De)复(Fu)数(Shu)形(Xing)式(Shi))用(Yong)于(Yu)二(?)个(Ge)以(Yi)上(Shang)的(De)男(Nan)人(Ren),(?)或(Huo)用(Yong)于(Yu)二(?)个(Ge)以(Yi)上(Shang)的(De)男(Nan)人(Ren)组(Zu)成(Cheng)的(De)公(Gong)司(Si)或(Huo)团(Tuan)体(Ti)。(?)在(Zai)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)英(Ying)文(Wen)信(Xin)里(Li),(?)Mr, Mrs, Messrs,(?)均(Jun)不(Bu)加(Jia)缩(Suo)写(Xie)句(Ju)点(Dian),(?)相(Xiang)反(Fan)地(Di)趋(Qu)向(Xiang)于(Yu)进(Jin)步(Bu)自(Zi)由(You)的(De)美(Mei)语(Yu)反(Fan)而(?)加(Jia)缩(Suo)写(Xie)句(Ju)点(Dian)如(Ru)Mr., Mrs., Messrs.
在(Zai)称(Cheng)呼(Hu)方(Fang)面(Mian),(?)商(Shang)业(Ye)上(Shang)最(Zui)普(Pu)遍(Bian)的(De)有(You)Gentlemen(美(Mei)国(Guo)式(Shi))与(Yu)Dear Sirs(英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi))二(?)种(Zhong),(?)相(Xiang)当(Dang)于(Yu)我(Wo)国(Guo)的(De)"敬(Jing)启(Qi)者(Zhe)"或(Huo)"谨(Jin)启(Qi)者(Zhe)"。(?)如(Ru)果(Guo)信(Xin)是(Shi)写(Xie)给(Gei)革(Ge)个(Ge)公(Gong)司(Si)单(Dan)位(Wei)的(De),(?)不(Bu)是(Shi)写(Xie)给(Gei)某(Mou)个(Ge)具(Ju)体(Ti)人(Ren)的(De),(?)美(Mei)语(Yu)用(Yong)Gentlemen(复(Fu)数(Shu)形(Xing)式(Shi)),(?)英(Ying)语(Yu)用(Yong)Dear Sirs。(?)如(Ru)果(Guo)对(Dui)方(Fang)公(Gong)司(Si)只(Zhi)一(Yi)人(Ren)时(Shi),(?)必(Bi)须(Xu)使(Shi)用(Yong)Sir/Dear Sir。(?)称(Cheng)呼(Hu)后(Hou)一(Yi)般(Ban)要(Yao)使(Shi)用(Yong)标(Biao)点(Dian)符(Fu)号(Hao),(?)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)采(Cai)用(Yong)逗(Dou)号(Hao)(comma),(?)美(Mei)国(Guo)式(Shi)用(Yong)分(Fen)号(Hao)(colon)。(?)书(Shu)信(Xin)结(Jie)尾(Wei)客(Ke)套(Tao)语(Yu)(complimentary close)有(You)多(Duo)种(Zhong),(?)相(Xiang)当(Dang)于(Yu)我(Wo)国(Guo)书(Shu)信(Xin)在(Zai)结(Jie)尾(Wei)时(Shi)使(Shi)用(Yong)的(De)"敬(Jing)礼(Li)"、(?)"致(Zhi)敬(Jing)"、(?)"顺(Shun)安(An)"等(Deng)句(Ju)。(?)最(Zui)为(Wei)典(Dian)型(Xing)的(De)美(Mei)国(Guo)式(Shi)写(Xie)法(Fa)是(Shi)Sincerely和(He)Best regards,(?)典(Dian)型(Xing)的(De)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)表(Biao)达(Da)有(You)Yours sincerely(熟(Shu)人(Ren)或(Huo)知(Zhi)道(Dao)对(Dui)方(Fang)姓(Xing)名(Ming)),(?)Best wishes, kind regards 和(He)yours faithfully(不(Bu)知(Zhi)姓(Xing)名(Ming))。(?)此(Ci)外(Wai),(?)英(Ying)国(Guo)式(Shi)的(De)客(Ke)套(Tao)语(Yu)还(Huan)有(You)特(Te)别(Bie)礼(Li)貌(Mao)的(De)格(Ge)式(Shi),(?)但(Dan)除(Chu)了(Liao)特(Te)殊(Shu)情(Qing)况(Kuang)外(Wai),(?)现(Xian)在(Zai)不(Bu)再(Zai)使(Shi)用(Yong)。(?)