有(You)效(Xiao)理(Li)解(Jie)雅(Ya)思(Si)阅(Yue)读(Du)生(Sheng)词(Ci)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)
雅(Ya)思(Si)阅(Yue)读(Du)文(Wen)章(Zhang)对(Dui)读(Du)者(Zhe)而(?)言(Yan)有(You)很(Hen)大(Da)难(Nan)度(Du)，(?)关(Guan)键(Jian)在(Zai)于(Yu)对(Dui)词(Ci)，(?)句(Ju)，(?)篇(Pian)章(Zhang)的(De)理(Li)解(Jie)与(Yu)把(Ba)握(Wo)。(?)在(Zai)阅(Yue)读(Du)文(Wen)章(Zhang)时(Shi)学(Xue)生(Sheng)遇(Yu)到(Dao)最(Zui)头(Tou)痛(Tong)的(De)问(Wen)题(Ti)就(Jiu)是(Shi)生(Sheng)词(Ci)。(?)很(Hen)多(Duo)同(Tong)学(Xue)因(Yin)为(Wei)词(Ci)汇(Hui)量(Liang)的(De)严(Yan)重(Zhong)缺(Que)乏(Fa)导(Dao)致(Zhi)对(Dui)于(Yu)雅(Ya)思(Si)阅(Yue)读(Du)无(Wu)从(Cong)下(Xia)手(Shou)。(?)专(Zhuan)家(Jia)通(Tong)过(Guo)对(Dui)雅(Ya)思(Si)文(Wen)章(Zhang)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)，(?)总(Zong)结(Jie)出(Chu)一(Yi)些(Xie)帮(Bang)助(Zhu)学(Xue)生(Sheng)理(Li)解(Jie)生(Sheng)词(Ci)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)，(?)希(Xi)望(Wang)能(Neng)够(Gou)帮(Bang)助(Zhu)考(Kao)生(Sheng)们(Men)更(Geng)好(Hao)地(Di)理(Li)解(Jie)雅(Ya)思(Si)文(Wen)章(Zhang)。(?)
一(Yi)、(?)利(Li)用(Yong)定(Ding)义(Yi)式(Shi)线(Xian)索(Suo)进(Jin)行(Xing)猜(Cai)测(Ce)：(?)
定(Ding)义(Yi)是(Shi)作(Zuo)者(Zhe)为(Wei)了(Liao)更(Geng)好(Hao)的(De)表(Biao)达(Da)思(Si)想(Xiang)，(?)在(Zai)文(Wen)章(Zhang)中(Zhong)对(Dui)一(Yi)些(Xie)重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)概(Gai)念(Nian)、(?)难(Nan)懂(Dong)的(De)术(Shu)语(Yu)或(Huo)词(Ci)汇(Hui)等(Deng)所(Suo)作(Zuo)的(De)解(Jie)释(Shi)。(?)这(Zhe)些(Xie)解(Jie)释(Shi)提(Ti)供(Gong)的(De)信(Xin)息(Xi)具(Ju)有(You)明(Ming)确(Que)的(De)针(Zhen)对(Dui)性(Xing)，(?)利(Li)用(Yong)它(Ta)们(Men)猜(Cai)词(Ci)义(Yi)比(Bi)较(Jiao)容(Rong)易(Yi)。(?)例(Li)如(Ru)：(?)Kinetic energy is the energy of moving particles. Kinetic可(Ke)能(Neng)是(Shi)生(Sheng)词(Ci)，(?)由(You)定(Ding)义(Yi)可(Ke)知(Zhi)，(?)表(Biao)语(Yu)是(Shi)说(Shuo)明(Ming)主(Zhu)语(Yu)性(Xing)质(Zhi)内(Nei)容(Rong)的(De)。(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)可(Ke)以(Yi)根(Gen)据(Ju)定(Ding)义(Yi)来(Lai)猜(Cai)测(Ce)kinetic是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)动(Dong)能(Neng)。(?)再(Zai)如(Ru)Typhoons are cyclones, storms with strong winds rotating around a low-pressure center. 如(Ru)果(Guo)cyclones是(Shi)生(Sheng)词(Ci)，(?)推(Tui)断(Duan)该(Gai)词(Ci)义(Yi)的(De)线(Xian)索(Suo)就(Jiu)是(Shi)其(Qi)后(Hou)面(Mian)的(De)解(Jie)释(Shi)“绕(Rao)低(Di)气(Qi)压(Ya)中(Zhong)心(Xin)形(Xing)成(Cheng)的(De)暴(Bao)风(Feng)雨(Yu)”。(?)在(Zai)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)解(Jie)释(Shi)中(Zhong)定(Ding)义(Yi)句(Ju)的(De)谓(Wei)语(Yu)动(Dong)词(Ci)多(Duo)为(Wei)：(?)be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等(Deng)。(?)
二(?)、(?)根(Gen)据(Ju)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)阐(Chan)述(Shu)猜(Cai)测(Ce)词(Ci)义(Yi)：(?)
虽(Sui)然(Ran)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)阐(Chan)述(Shu)不(Bu)如(Ru)定(Ding)义(Yi)那(Na)样(Yang)严(Yan)谨(Jin)、(?)详(Xiang)细(Xi)，(?)但(Dan)是(Shi)提(Ti)供(Gong)的(De)信(Xin)息(Xi)足(Zu)以(Yi)使(Shi)我(Wo)们(Men)猜(Cai)出(Chu)生(Sheng)词(Ci)的(De)词(Ci)义(Yi)。(?)复(Fu)述(Shu)部(Bu)分(Fen)可(Ke)以(Yi)是(Shi)适(Shi)当(Dang)的(De)词(Ci)，(?)短(Duan)语(Yu)或(Huo)者(Zhe)句(Ju)子(Zi)。(?)例(Li)如(Ru)Experts in kinesics, in their study of body motion as related to speech ,hope to discover new methods of communications. 逗(Dou)号(Hao)中(Zhong)短(Duan)语(Yu)的(De)意(Yi)思(Si)是(Shi)“对(Dui)肢(Zhi)体(Ti)语(Yu)言(Yan)进(Jin)行(Xing)研(Yan)究(Jiu)的(De)学(Xue)科(Ke)”。(?)短(Duan)语(Yu)与(Yu)前(Qian)面(Mian)生(Sheng)词(Ci)kinesics是(Shi)同(Tong)位(Wei)关(Guan)系(Xi)，(?)因(Yin)此(Ci)我(Wo)们(Men)不(Bu)难(Nan)猜(Cai)出(Chu)kinesics指(Zhi)“肢(Zhi)体(Ti)语(Yu)言(Yan)学(Xue)”。(?)在(Zai)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)复(Fu)述(Shu)当(Dang)中(Zhong)，(?)构(Gou)成(Cheng)同(Tong)位(Wei)关(Guan)系(Xi)的(De)两(Liang)部(Bu)分(Fen)之(Zhi)间(Jian)多(Duo)用(Yong)逗(Dou)号(Hao)连(Lian)接(Jie)，(?)有(You)时(Shi)也(Ye)使(Shi)用(Yong)破(Po)折(Zhe)号(Hao)，(?)冒(Mao)号(Hao)，(?)分(Fen)号(Hao)，(?)引(Yin)号(Hao)，(?)和(He)括(Kuo)号(Hao)等(Deng)。(?)另(Ling)外(Wai)同(Tong)位(Wei)语(Yu)前(Qian)还(Huan)常(Chang)有(You)or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other等(Deng)副(Fu)词(Ci)或(Huo)短(Duan)语(Yu)出(Chu)现(Xian)。(?)
另(Ling)外(Wai)一(Yi)种(Zhong)会(Hui)以(Yi)定(Ding)语(Yu)从(Cong)句(Ju)的(De)形(Xing)式(Shi)出(Chu)现(Xian)如(Ru)从(Cong)句(Ju)Obesity, which is a medical disorder that affects approximately 20-30% of the population of the United States of America. It is an excessive accumulation of body fat that results from the storage of excess food energy calories in the body's fat cells. 根(Gen)据(Ju)生(Sheng)词(Ci)obesity后(Hou)面(Mian)的(De)非(Fei)限(Xian)制(Zhi)性(Xing)定(Ding)语(Yu)从(Cong)句(Ju)which is a medical disorder that affects approximately 20-30% of the population of the United States of America. It is an excessive accumulation of body fat that results from the storage of excess food energy calories in the body's fat cells. 我(Wo)们(Men)可(Ke)以(Yi)推(Tui)断(Duan)出(Chu)obesity的(De)含(Han)义(Yi)，(?)即(Ji)“过(Guo)度(Du)肥(Fei)胖(Pang)”。(?)
三(San)、(?)根(Gen)据(Ju)举(Ju)例(Li)猜(Cai)测(Ce)词(Ci)义(Yi)：(?)
恰(Qia)当(Dang)的(De)举(Ju)例(Li)能(Neng)够(Gou)提(Ti)供(Gong)猜(Cai)测(Ce)生(Sheng)词(Ci)的(De)重(Zhong)要(Yao)线(Xian)索(Suo)，(?)例(Li)如(Ru)The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 句(Ju)中(Zhong)“战(Zhan)争(Zheng)”和(He)“重(Zhong)大(Da)科(Ke)学(Xue)发(Fa)现(Xian)”是(Shi)生(Sheng)词(Ci)的(De)实(Shi)例(Li)，(?)通(Tong)过(Guo)它(Ta)们(Men)我(Wo)们(Men)可(Ke)以(Yi)猜(Cai)出(Chu)战(Zhan)争(Zheng)，(?)科(Ke)学(Xue)发(Fa)现(Xian)都(Du)是(Shi)重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)events进(Jin)而(?)判(Pan)断(Duan)epochal的(De)大(Da)致(Zhi)词(Ci)义(Yi)“重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)”。(?)这(Zhe)与(Yu)其(Qi)确(Que)切(Qie)含(Han)义(Yi)“划(Hua)时(Shi)代(Dai)的(De)”十(Shi)分(Fen)接(Jie)近(Jin)。(?)
四(Si)、(?)根(Gen)据(Ju)上(Shang)下(Xia)文(Wen)的(De)语(Yu)境(Jing)关(Guan)联(Lian)猜(Cai)测(Ce)词(Ci)义(Yi)：(?)
例(Li)如(Ru)Computers have been used for most kinds of crime, including fraud theft, larceny, embezzlement, burglary, sabotage, murder and forgery, since the first cases were reported in 1985. 这(Zhe)句(Ju)话(Hua)中(Zhong)有(You)许(Xu)多(Duo)生(Sheng)词(Ci)出(Chu)现(Xian)，(?)但(Dan)通(Tong)过(Guo)上(Shang)文(Wen)的(De)crime和(He)murder一(Yi)词(Ci)，(?)我(Wo)们(Men)可(Ke)以(Yi)知(Zhi)道(Dao)这(Zhe)些(Xie)生(Sheng)词(Ci)都(Du)是(Shi)与(Yu)犯(Fan)罪(Zui)有(You)关(Guan)的(De)词(Ci)。(?)在(Zai)考(Kao)试(Shi)中(Zhong)，(?)就(Jiu)不(Bu)必(Bi)费(Fei)心(Xin)去(Qu)考(Kao)虑(Lu)它(Ta)们(Men)的(De)具(Ju)体(Ti)意(Yi)思(Si)，(?)知(Zhi)道(Dao)大(Da)概(Gai)类(Lei)别(Bie)即(Ji)可(Ke)。(?)再(Zai)如(Ru)Goran fears only one service in tennis -- Michael Stichs. His toss is always the same: the straight one or the topspin. Sampras has a good serve and Becker too, but Stichs is the toughest to read.在(Zai)此(Ci)例(Li)中(Zhong)，(?)Goran不(Bu)难(Nan)判(Pan)断(Duan)是(Shi)人(Ren)名(Ming)。(?)接(Jie)下(Xia)来(Lai)我(Wo)们(Men)发(Fa)现(Xian)大(Da)多(Duo)数(Shu)词(Ci)是(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)网(Wang)球(Qiu)运(Yun)动(Dong)中(Zhong)的(De)一(Yi)些(Xie)专(Zhuan)门(Men)词(Ci)汇(Hui)，(?)我(Wo)们(Men)可(Ke)以(Yi)不(Bu)必(Bi)理(Li)会(Hui)，(?)而(?)主(Zhu)要(Yao)关(Guan)注(Zhu)认(Ren)识(Shi)的(De)那(Na)些(Xie)词(Ci)。(?)这(Zhe)样(Yang)能(Neng)够(Gou)大(Da)概(Gai)理(Li)解(Jie)Goran这(Zhe)个(Ge)人(Ren)，(?)害(Hai)怕(Pa)某(Mou)种(Zhong)service, 通(Tong)过(Guo)上(Shang)下(Xia)文(Wen)大(Da)致(Zhi)可(Ke)得(De)知(Zhi)这(Zhe)是(Shi)指(Zhi)网(Wang)球(Qiu)运(Yun)动(Dong)中(Zhong)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)动(Dong)作(Zuo)(比(Bi)如(Ru)发(Fa)球(Qiu)、(?)扣(Kou)球(Qiu)等(Deng))。(?)其(Qi)实(Shi)，(?)service就(Jiu)是(Shi)“发(Fa)球(Qiu)"的(De)意(Yi)思(Si)。(?)从(Cong)形(Xing)容(Rong)词(Ci)straight可(Ke)知(Zhi)Stichs发(Fa)球(Qiu)的(De)特(Te)点(Dian)，(?)而(?)且(Qie)他(Ta)是(Shi)最(Zui)难(Nan)预(Yu)测(Ce)的(De)一(Yi)个(Ge)。(?)这(Zhe)样(Yang)一(Yi)来(Lai)就(Jiu)可(Ke)以(Yi)很(Hen)好(Hao)地(Di)把(Ba)握(Wo)文(Wen)章(Zhang)内(Nei)容(Rong)了(Liao)。(?)